স্বাভাবিকভাবে বাংলাদেশের বেসরকারী প্রতিষ্ঠান গুলো বর্তমান সময়ে তাদের পণ্যের মানের তেমন উন্নয়ন না করতে পারলেও একেবারে খারাপও করছে না, পণ্যের মানের উন্নয়ন না করলেও মোড়কই করনের দিকে তাদের কড়া নজরদারি আছে; কারণ তারা জানে বেশীর ভাগ মানুষ পণ্যের মোড়ক টা ভাল করে পড়ে পণ্যটা কিনে । তাই আজ বেসরকারী প্রতিষ্ঠান গুলো লাভবান ।

অন্যদিকে বাংলাদেশের সরকারী প্রতিষ্ঠান গুলো বছরের পর বছর লাভের মুখ দেকছেই না তার উপর লোকসান দিছে কোটি কোটি টাকা । কারণ সরকারী চাকরী পেতে হলে তেমন কিছুই লাগেনা চাকরীর লিখিত পরীক্ষায় পাস আর কিছু টাকা । আমার পরিচিত এমন অনেক বন্ধুরা আছে যাদের সারা জীবনের একটাই স্বপ্ন বিসিএস এবং সরকারী চাকরী , তাদের যুক্তি হলো সরকারী চাকরী একবার পেলে আর কোন চিন্তা নেই; যত ইচ্ছে চুরি করে টাকার মালিক হতে পারবে । কতগুলো বই মুখস্ত করে পরীক্ষায় পাস করে বিসিএস অথবা সরকারী চাকরীজীবি হলেই যে তার পর্যাপ্ত গুণ আছে তার কোন নিশ্চয়তা নেই ।

উদাহরণ হিসাবে বলতে চাই বাংলাদেশ ওয়াসা (WASA) র কথা, "শান্তি" নামে একটা মিনারেল ওয়াটার তারা বাজারজাত করছে, কিন্তু বছরের পর বছর চলছে এখনো লাভের মুখ দেকছেই না লোকসান দিছে কোটি কোটি টাকা । আমি ওয়াসার এমন অনেক চাকরীজীবিকে চিনি যারা সাধারণ ১২,০০০-১০,০০০ টাকার চাকরীর জন্য ৭-১০ লাখ টাকা পর্যন্ত দিয়েছে । সরকারী পণ্যের মানের তো কোন ঠিক নেই তার উপর মোড়কই করনের দিকে ও তাদের নজরদারি নেই । প্রথমেই আমি বলেছি , বাংলাদেশের এখন বেশীর ভাগ মানুষ পণ্যের মোড়ক টা পড়ে পণ্যটা কিনে; কিন্তু "শান্তি" মিনারেল ওয়াটার বোতলের ট্যাগটা একটু ভাল করে পড়ে দেখেন কি লেখা আছে !!!!!

বিঃদ্রঃ দয়া করে সামাজিক সাইট গুলোতে দেশের কোন খারাপ কিছু নিয়ে আলোচনা করলে বাংলাতে লিখবেন , কেউ ইংরেজিতে লিখবেনা আশা করি; এর খারাপ দিক আপনারা অবশ্যই জানেন । 

If anyone attended   DU admission test, which one held today and if you  are confusing the admission test candidates with their false and imaginary answers. So, here I have solved all the questions of "D" Unit Admission Test of Dhaka University so that they may clarify their confusions. 

Dhaka University D Unit Admission Test 2013 Questions and Answers: 

1. When you think someone is “introspective”, you think s/he is – 

A. selfish 

B. thoughtful 

C. rude 

D. reserved 

Answer: B. thoughtful 

2. ‘To lose heart’ is 

A. to have a heart attack 

B. to lose courage 

C. to fall in love 

D. to be without passion 

Answer: B. to lose courage 

3. He stood before me. The underlined word is 

A. Noun 

B. Adverb 

C. Verb 

D. Preposition 

Answer: D. Preposition 

4. Choose the pair which is out of place 

A. ambiguity/clarity 

B. humane/kind 

C. colossal/tiny 

D. worsen/improve 

Answer: B. humane/kind 

5. The synonym for ‘Nepotism’ is 

A. Terrorism 

B. Desposition 

C. Neatness 

D. Favouritism 

Answer: D. Favouritism 

Fill in the blanks (6 – 8 ) 

6. Please leave your key ______ the reception. 

A. in 

B. on 

C. at 

D. with 

Answer: C. at 

7. We better ______ the schedule of the examination. 

A. to check 

B. checked 

C. checking 

D. check 

Answer: D. check 

8. I’ll call you ______ 

A. when I’ll go home. 

B. when I go home. 

C. while I get home. 

D. as I go home. 

Answer: B. when I go home. 

Answer the questions according to the instructions provided. (9 – 12) 

9. Which of the following is a positive attribute? 

A. haughty 

B. conceited 

C. irritable 

D. unassuming 

Answer: D. unassuming 

10. Select the correct spelling 

A. reminiscience 

B. reminiscence 

C. reminiscence 

D. reminisence 

Answer: C. reminiscence 

11. A cobbler is a person who 

A. sells shoes 

B. mends cobblestones 

C. mends shoes 

D. exports cobblestones 

Answer: C. mends shoes 

12. ‘Dog days’ means 

A. a period of being carefree 

B. a period of misfortune 

C. days when dogs breed 

D. hot weather 

Answer: D. hot weather 

13. বিপদ কখনও একা আসে না। 

A. Misfortunes comes never alone. 

B. Misfortunes never come alone. 

C. Misfortunes never alone comes. 

D. Misfortunes comes alone ever. 

Answer: B. Misfortunes never come alone. 

14. অন্যের দোষ ধরা সহজ। 

A. It is easy to find fault of others. 

B. It is easy to find out fault of others. 

C. It is easy to find fault with others. 

D. It is easy to find out faults of others. 

Answer: D. It is easy to find out faults of others. 

Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the keyword in italics. (18 – 19) 

15. It was indiscreet action on their part. 

A. unfair 

B. secret 

C. imprudent 

D. hasty 

Answer: C. imprudent 

16. The back charges an exorbitant rate of interest. 

A. moderate 

B. excessive 

C. fair 

D. increasing 

Answer: B. excessive 

Which of the following sentences is correct? (17 – 20): 

17. 

A. I insist that she come along. 

B. I insist that she comes along. 

C. I insist that she came along. 

D. I insist that she may come along. 

Answer: A. I insist that she come along. 

18. 

A. I have looked for a good doctor before I met you. 

B. I had looked for a good doctor before I met you. 

C. I looked for a good doctor before I meet you. 

D. I am looking for a good doctor before meeting you. 

Answer: B. I had looked for a good doctor before I met you. 

19. 

A. Silver as well as cotton have fallen is price. 

B. Bangla as well as English are taught here. 

C. The mayor, with his councilors, is to be present. 

D. The king, with his ministers, are going on a trip. 

Answer: C. The mayor, with his councilors, is to be present. 

20. 

A. He chose well and prospered. 

B. He choose well and prospered. 

C. He choiced well and prospered. 

D. He chosen well and prospered. 

Answer: A. He chose well and prospered. 

Read the following passage carefully and answer Questions (21 – 25):

Researches suggest that there are creatures that do not know what light means at the bottom of the sea. They don’t have either eyes or ears; the can only feel. There is no day or night for them. There are no winters, no summers, no sun, no moon, and no stars. It is as if a child spent its life in darkness in bed, with nothing to see or hear. How different our own life is! Sight shows us the ground beneath our feet and the heavens above us – the sun, moon, and stars, shooting stars, lightning and the sunset. It shows us day and night. We are able to hear voice, the sound of the sea, and music. We feel, we taste, we smell. How fortunate we are! 

21. We discover that the sea creatures in the story ______ . 

A. have the same sense that we do 

B. have no sense of hearing as well as sight 

C. live in darkness because they do not like light 

D. do not hear the sound of sea as they are accustomed to it. 

Answer: B. have no sense of hearing as well as sight 

22. Which statement is true in the context of the passage? 

A. We are unfortunate because we cannot experience winter and summer. 

B. We can feel, smell and taste unlike the deep sea creatures. 

C. We can spend our lives in darkness in bed. 

D. We can see the ground beneath our feet and the depth of the ocean. 

Answer: B. We can feel, smell and taste unlike the deep sea creatures. 

23. Judging from the passage, we can say that this passage is mainly about ________ . 

A. life of sea creatures at the bottom of the sea 

B. how changes in the seasons are perceived by the deep-sea creatures 

C. how wonderful our lives were and will be 

D. the superiority of human beings over some creatures in terms of senses 

Answer: A. life of sea creatures at the bottom of the sea 

24. ‘Researches’ in line 1 suggest 

A. stories one hears about the deep sea creatures from sailors 

B. scientific discoveries about the deep sea 

C. laboratory tests conducted by marine biologists 

D. Detailed studies about the deep sea creatures to discover new information about them. 

Answer: D. Detailed studies about the deep sea creatures to discover new information about them. 

25. In the passage a child in darkness is likened to _________ . 

A. someone who lives where there are no season 

B. an animal without the sense of touch 

C. a sea creature with no seeing or hearing ability 

D. a deaf child unaffected by the environment 

Answer: C. a sea creature with no seeing or hearing ability

When we make a choice that doesn’t work out, we find it remarkably difficult to cut our losses and walk away. Think about the last time you waited for 45 minutes at a restaurant, and there was no sign that your table would be ready in the near future. You should have probably headed to another restaurant, but you’d already waited 45 minutes, so how could you leave?

Or you hired an employee who struggled to master the key skills for the job, and after several months of training and coaching, things hadn’t improved. You rotated him to two different positions that seem like a better fit, and he underperformed there too. Three years later, it’s probably time to encourage the employee to start looking elsewhere, but after putting so much energy into him, can you really give up on him?

If you kept waiting at the restaurant or working with the employee, you fell into a trap that organizational behavior expert Barry Staw calls escalation of commitment to a losing course of action. It’s throwing good money after bad, and we see it all around us. Escalation occurs whenever we invest our time, energy, or resources in a choice that falls short of the desired return, and we succumb to the temptation to invest more.

The emotional investment in the past clouds clear decisions for the future. Good common sense advice for all of us managing "under  performing" people to take on board. Too much rope and insufficient initiative is a horrible combination.

Sometimes it merely costs us a few hours, but in other cases, the consequences of escalation are more disastrous. To stop escalation, we need to understand what causes it. One factor is sunk costs. Economists have known for years that we’re irrationally attached to the time, energy, and money we’ve invested in the past. It’s already gone, so it should no longer figure into our judgments, but it does. It’s like the money the Polaroid executives spent on producing instant film was still burning a hole in their wallets. We’re also sucked in by the desire to finish what we started and the worry that we’ll regret missing out. After all, persistence is a virtue, and those egg rolls do smell delicious…

New evidence reveals that the biggest culprit behind escalation is ego threat. We don’t want to be seen—or see ourselves—as failures. If you just invest a bit more in that underperforming employee, you can save face and protect your ego, convincing your colleagues (and yourself) that you were right all along. Staw and colleagues found that in NBA basketball, after controlling for players’ performance on the court, those who were picked earlier in the draft were given more playing time and were less likely to be traded. Regardless of players’ offensive and defensive success on the court, when executives made bigger bets on players, they had a harder time giving up on them, as that would mean conceding a blunder. So what we can do about it?

Rigorous studies support four antidotes to escalation:

(1) Separate the initial decision-maker from the decision evaluator. Once you’ve made the initial choice to go to the restaurant or hire the employee, you’re no longer in a neutral position to decide whether to keep investing in that course of action. Since you’re biased in favor of sticking with the slow restaurant, the old car, and the underperforming employee, it’s valuable to delegate the decision to someone who can take an unbiased look at the facts.

In a study of California banks, after clients defaulted on loans, managers tried to turn things around by giving second loans. Having made the initial decision to approve the problem loans, they came to believe that the debtors would come through. This escalation problem was reduced by turnover among senior managers. The new managers had no need to protect their egos and save face: they hadn’t approved the original loans, so they were able to look at them more rationally. They recognized that they should cut their losses by writing off the loans and setting aside funds to cover them.

(2) Create accountability for decision processes, not only outcomes. Many leaders like the idea of holding people accountable for the results they achieve. That way, employees have the freedom to choose different methods and strategies, and we don’t have to monitor their work along the way. The problem with this approach is that it allows employees to make faulty decisions along the way, convincing themselves that the ends will justify the means. Research demonstrates that long before outcomes are known, asking employees to explain their decision processes can encourage them to conduct a thorough, evenhanded analysis of the options.

Process accountability can be applied to our own choices, too. It just means setting some criteria for the decision process in advance. Before arriving at the restaurant, you might agree that you’ll only wait for 30 minutes. Prior to choosing an employee to hire, you could decide how much training this position should receive.

(3) Shift attention away from the self. Once you’ve learned that an initial choice didn’t pan out, your focus immediately turns to your pride and your reputation. Research shows that if you consider the implications of the decision for others, you can make a more balanced assessment.

In Mistakes Were Made (But Not By Me), psychologists Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson present a chilling analysis of how police officers and prosecutors reject airtight DNA evidence that proves the innocence of people they imprisoned. It’s painful to look in the mirror and admit that they punished an innocent person. If they focused more on the good they could do for the wrongly convicted people and their families, they might be more open to the possibility that they made an error.

(4) Be careful about compliments. When we praise people for their skills, it can go one of two ways. It can reduce growth by protecting the ego, allowing people to feel good enough about themselves that they’re comfortable acknowledging a mistake. But it can also increase escalation by inflating the ego, causing people to become cocky: they couldn’t have made a mistake. Which way does it go?

The answer depends on the domain of praise. In one experiment, when people were praised for their decision-making skills and then made a choice about whether to keep investing in a bad hire, they were 40% more likely to escalate their commitment than people who received no praise at all. They were great decision-makers, so how could they have chosen the wrong candidate?

On the other hand, when people were praised for their creativity, they were 40% less likely to escalate commitment than those who received no praise. Since they felt good about another skill, the failure didn’t sting as much. A rich body of research shows that when we get positive feedback in the same domain as the failure, we’re at risk for becoming overconfident. If you’re about to compliment someone who’s at risk for escalation, target the compliment to a different skill set or a different sphere of life. If you’re worried that you might be on the road to escalation, affirm your skills or values in a domain that’s completely removed from the context of the current decision.

I once served on a board of directors that committed $10,000 for a team to create a pilot for a TV show about the Let’s Go travel guidebooks. The pilot flopped, and I was dumbfounded when a senior board member said: “We didn’t invest enough. Let’s give them a bigger budget of $50,000.” The next pilot was no better, and the show never got off the ground.

Looking back, that board member never should have been involved in the decision: the initial investment was his idea. And before investing the first $10,000, we should have established process criteria for evaluating the decision at the next stage. Since we failed in those two structural steps, I wonder what would have happened if I had complimented the board member’s creativity, and highlighted how that money could be better spent to benefit the organization.

By investing in the TV pilot, we passed on the opportunity to have the Let’s Go books prominently featured in a movie called Eurotrip. The movie’s executives partnered with Frommer’s instead, and Eurotrip ended up grossing over $20 million in revenue (Adam Grant; Wharton professor).

It's true that emotions run high when decisions are made to spend time and money on something big. It's important to be able to identify when a bad choice has been made but even more important is the ability to admit it to one's self (and others) and move on. Since this realization taps into the decision-maker's pride and ego I imagine that many endeavors never reach their full potential. Some good thoughts in here on how to approach, and possibly avoid, such a situation.

·         1886 - Drink Coca-Cola.

·         1904 - Delicious and refreshing.

·         1905 - Coca-Cola revives and sustains.

·         1906 - The great national temperance beverage.

·         1908 - Good til the last drop

·         1917 - Three million a day.

·         1922 - Thirst knows no season.

·         1923 - Enjoy life.

·         1924 - Refresh yourself.

·         1925 - Six million a day.

·         1926 - It had to be good to get where it is.

·         1927 - Pure as Sunlight

·         1927 - Around the corner from anywhere.

·         1928 - Coca-Cola ... pure drink of natural flavors.

·         1929 - The pause that refreshes.

·         1932 - Ice-cold sunshine.

·         1937 - America's favorite moment.

·         1938 - The best friend thirst ever had.

·         1938 - Thirst asks nothing more.

·         1939 - Coca-Cola goes along.

·         1939 - Coca-Cola has the taste thirst goes for.

·         1939 - Whoever you are, whatever you do, wherever you may be, when you think of refreshment, think of ice cold Coca-Cola.

·         1941 - Coca-Cola is Coke!

·         1942 - The only thing like Coca-Cola is Coca-Cola itself.

·         1944 - How about a Coke?

·         1945 - Coke means Coca-Cola.

·         1945 - Passport to refreshment.

·         1947 - Coke knows no season.

·         1948 - Where there's Coke there's hospitality.

·         1949 - Coca-Cola ... along the highway to anywhere.

·         1952 - What you want is a Coke.

·         1954 - For people on the go.

·         1956 - Coca-Cola ... makes good things taste better.

·         1957 - The sign of good taste.

·         1958 - The Cold, Crisp Taste of Coke

·         1959 - Be really refreshed.

·         1963 - Things go better with Coke.

·         1966 - Coke ... after Coke ... after Coke.

·         1969 - It's the real thing.

·         1971 - I'd like to buy the world a Coke. (basis for the song '' I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing (in Perfect Harmony)" )  

·         1974 - Look for the real things.

·         1976 - Coke adds life.

·         1979 - Have a Coke and a smile (see also Hey Kid, Catch !)

·         1982 - Coke is it!

·         1985 - America's Real Choice

·         1986 - Red White & You (for Coca-Cola Classic)

·         1986 - Catch the Wave (for New Coke)

·         1989 - Can't Beat the Feeling. (also used in the UK)

·         1991 - Can't Beat the Real Thing. (for Coca-Cola Classic)

·         1993 - Always Coca-Cola.

·         2000 - Enjoy.

·         2001 - Life tastes good. (also used in the UK)

·         2003 - Real.

·         2005 - Make It Real.

·         2006 - The Coke Side of Life (used also in the UK)

·         2007 - Live on the Coke Side of Life (also used in the UK)

·         2008 - love it light (also used in the UK)

·         2009 - Open Happiness

·         2010 - Twist The Cap To Refreshment

·         2011 - Life Begins Here

·         2012 - Enjoy Coca Cola

Bengali New Year (Bengali: নববর্ষ Nôbobôrsho) or Pôhela Boishakh (পহেলা বৈশাখ Pôhela Boishakh or পয়লা বৈশাখ Pôela Boishakh), occurring on 14th April, is the first day of the Bengali calendar, celebrated in both Bangladesh and the India.

In Bengali, Pohela stands for ‘first’ and Boishakh is first month of Bengali calendar. Bengali New Year is referred to in Bengali as "New Year" (Bengali: নববর্ষ Noboborsho). Nobo means new and Borsho means year.

 My Heartly Prayers May.. Fill your entire life, with Happiness & Bright Cheer, Joy and Prosperity and Success. Happy Bangla New Year  May you come up as bright as sun,  as cool as water and as sweet as honey.  Hope coming new year fulfill all your desires and wishes. I met love, health, peace and joy, They needed a permanent place to stay. I gave them your address hope they arrived safely. Nights are Dark but Days are Light, Wish your Life will always be Bright. So my Dear don't get Fear because, God Gift us a "BRAND NEW YEAR".

*****Subho Naboborsho****Happy Bangla New Year! Happy Poila Baisakh !